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UVA Dean To Step Down After Two Decades - PQU

UVA Dean To Step Down After Two Decades by: Nathan Allen on June 10, 2019 | 0 Comments Comments 182 Views June 10, 2019Carl Zeithaml, dean of the University of Virginia McIntire School of Commerce. Photo by Dan Addison, University of Virginia CommunicationsCarl Zeithaml, one of the longest-serving deans of an elite undergraduate business school announced today (June 10) he will be stepping down from his post after the 2019-2020 academic year. Zeithaml first assumed deanship at the University of Virginias McIntire School of Commerce in 1997 and will step down after completing his fifth term as dean.â€Å"For more than two decades, Carl Zeithaml has been synonymous with McIntire – and largely responsible for its success,† UVA President Jim Ryan said in a release from the school. â€Å"Carl has also set the standard for what it means to be a dean at a public university, and I’ve depended on his wisdom and advice during my first year as president. As sad as I w ill be to see Carl step down, I am immensely grateful to him and look forward to one more year together.†Zeithamls time as chief of UVAs elite business school has been profound. For the past three years that weve ranked undergraduate business schools, McIntire has consistently climbed in the rankings from eighth in 2016, to third in 2017, and second last year. Along with stellar job outcomes and a solid return on investment, one of the main reasons McIntire has established itself as a front-runner in our rankings is placing first in the alumni survey portion of the ranking for the past two years. The recent success was enough to earn the school the first inaugural Undergraduate Business School of the Year by PoetsQuants.INNOVATIONS IN ONE-YEAR MASTERS, UNDERGRADUATE BIZ EDUCATION HIGHLIGHT TENUREHighlighting the undergraduate experience at McIntire, which is a two-year program, is the Integrated Core Experience (ICE). Some 20 years ago, early on in his tenure, Zeithaml co-crea ted ICE, which has evolved into a curricular hallmark and highlight during the third year for business majors. The program includes 12 required credit hours in the fall semester and nine in the spring semester of the students’ third year. Students are put into blocks of 40 to 45 and have a team of seven professors and corporate advisers. The classes run simultaneously with a real-world business problem with one of the school’s corporate sponsors.â€Å"One of the things we continually think about is, What do we need to add?† Zeithaml told us  last December. â€Å"What do we need to take away, and what do we need to do to continually innovate the program?†Innovation and evolution were two key aspects of Zeithamls deanship. His foresight into the market desire for one-year masters programs, the importance of global undergraduate business education, and specialized tracks within the traditional business degree has placed McIntire ahead of many of its compet itor schools. During his two decades, Zeithaml has helped expand the specialization options for undergraduate business majors from the five business standard areas to include tracks in advertising and digital media, business analytics, entrepreneurship, global commerce, real estate, and quantitative finance.Zeithaml has also created multiple global partnerships for undergraduate and masters students as well as expanded the one-year masters programs offered by the school from two to five including masters of science in commerce, accounting, global commerce, management of IT, and business analytics.â€Å"For Carl, McIntire’s program growth and change were never about what was easy to implement; rather, it was a commitment to the highest-caliber graduates and the demands of the business marketplace,† Professor Ryan Nelson, who joined McIntire in 1990 and served as associate dean for the undergraduate program from 2014 to 2019 also said in the release from the school. â₠¬Å"Carl’s vision led us in bold, new strategic directions while his passion inspired us to achieve outcomes we never knew were possible – the epitome of a transformational leader being in the right place, at the right time.†STRONG EMPLOYMENT NUMBERS FOR UVA BIZ GRADSAll of the changes and innovations have led to not only high outcomes in national rankings but also in the market for its graduates. In 2014, McIntire graduates reporting full-time employment within three months of graduation earned an average salary of $64,352. Five years later, 2018 graduates reported an average of $75,068. Meanwhile, between 96% and 98% of graduates seeking employment have found full-time employment within three months of graduation.if("undefined"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper["GeJb2"]={},window.datawrapper["GeJb2"].embedDeltas={"100":416,"200":366,"300":366,"400":341,"500":341,"700":341,"800":341,"900":341,"1000":341},window.datawrapper["GeJb2 "].iframe=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-GeJb2"),window.datawrapper["GeJb2"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper["GeJb2"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper["GeJb2"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+"px",window.addEventListener("message",function(a){if("undefined"!=typeof a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var b in a.data["datawrapper-height"])if("GeJb2"==b)window.datawrapper["GeJb2"].iframe.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][b]+"px"});â€Å"McIntire’s rankings are off-the-charts, but there is much that is essential that they will never capture about the school and its remarkable leader, Carl Zeithaml,† UVA Executive Vice President and Provost Elizabeth Magill said in the schools release. â€Å"Carl’s vision and indefatigable efforts have, for more than two decades, shaped every aspect of McIntire’s experience for the better. In the coming years, faculty, students and staff will have the great gift of bu ilding on this singular institution thanks to Carl’s leadership. I am so pleased he will remain part of the UVA family for years to come.†DONT MISS: NEW DATA: SCHOOLS WITH THE BEST ROI or BUSINESS SCHOOLS WITH THE BEST COLLEGE EXPERIENCE Page 1 of 11

The Wages Of Whiteness Race And The Making Of The...

In The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class, David Roediger examines the intensification of American racism in the white working classes in antebellum America. He maintains that, impelled by republican doctrine, the pressures and anxieties of industrialization and the longing for a preindustrial past, white workers constructed a notion of â€Å"whiteness† and of white supremacy in opposition to black slavery that characterized black slaves as their inferiors. Therefore, Roediger explains how whiteness was formed as a tragic response to industrialization and the subsequent anxieties of the white working class. Despite the influence of Marxist theory on his own historical development, Roediger informs the reader that material and class considerations are not sufficient to explain race and racism. While historians such as Barbara Fields or Oliver Cromwell Cox emphasized the naturalization of whiteness and top-down racism, they have ignored the age ncy of the white working class males themselves. Instead, Roediger draws upon modern labor history and upon the work of W.E. Du Bois’ theory of the â€Å"wages of whiteness,† to assert that whiteness formed as a tragic response to industrialization and the concomitant anxieties of the white working class. Roediger begins by examining the origins of racism in pre-Revolution America. Noting that, while white supremacism was not universal, racism did exist. The characterization of Native Americans as lazyShow MoreRelatedWhiteness and Citizenship971 Words   |  4 PagesCaptain Ahab’s eulogy of whiteness shows that the word â€Å"white† implies more than a chromatic description. â€Å"White† is an untenable perfection that has haunted the American psyche since colonial times. The idea of â€Å"white spiritual superiority† can only be enforce by a terrorist politico-legal system, based on brutalizing the non-whites and creating a national fantasy. A national fantasy defined by Lauren Berlant as the means â€Å"to designate how national culture becomes local through the images, narrativesRead MoreWhiteness as a Field of Study2712 Words   |  11 PagesCaptain Ahab’s eulogy of whiteness shows that the word â€Å"white† implies more than a chromati c description. â€Å"White† is an untenable perfection that has haunted the American psyche since colonial times. The idea of â€Å"white spiritual superiority† can only be enforced by a terrorist politico-legal system, based on brutalizing the non-whites and creating a national fantasy. 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Forensic psychologyRead MoreAmerican Culture, English And American Literature, And English, By Dr. Neil Foley1308 Words   |  6 Pages Holding degrees in American Culture, English and American Literature, and English, Dr. Neil Foley specializes in the evolving components of race and social identity in what he calls the Borderlands: Mexico and the American West. The White Scourge: Mexicans, Blacks, and Poor Whites in Texas Cotton Culture bridges the gap between the narratives of two Borderlands histories, that of African-Americans and southern history, and that of Mexican-Americans and southwestern history. Looking at Texas, andRead MoreA More Perfect Union : The American Dream Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesOn eighteen century America, the founding fathers classified the American Dream as an idea that everyone living in the United Stated had the chance to achieve the Jeffersonian idea of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 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Therefore, if white privilege has been around for years and continues to be an issue in America and all around the world, than without educating the population and making themRead MoreThe Immigrants And Their Struggles Faced By American Immigrants Essay2143 Words   |  9 Pagesreviews and intensive interviews, the struggles faced by American immigrants are disco vered. However, the goal is to explore the various acts of discriminations and look at how some immigrants have preserved. Introduction From evidence based practice, it has been proven that racism and discrimination is evident in our society. As defined by Webster’s Dictionary, â€Å"racism is the poor treatment or violence against people because of their race; and discrimination is the unfair treatment of a personRead MoreRacism and Identity1122 Words   |  5 PagesAnonymous Race and Identity 512 17 February 2013 Short Paper: 2 One of the main social and political tasks of 1830’s America was to define what it was to be a free American. Challenged by reformist ideals â€Å"purifying† the land and the Industrial Revolution cementing capitalism into the framework of the nation’s economy, Black people and Indians found themselves pushed out of the national identity. Much of this struggle can be witnessed through an analysis of American theater at the time. StereotypicalRead MoreRacism Is The Primary Determinant Of Human Traits And Capacities Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesRacism is a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities. That racial difference produce an inherent superiority of a particular race and exists when one ethnic group or historical collectivity excludes, dominates, or seeks to eliminate another based on differences (The Historical Origins1). Racism has been around and everywhere for a long period of time. It is perpetuated and reproduced tod ay in modern life and anthropologists can combat racism. Historically racismRead MoreBeauty And Its Effect On Society3337 Words   |  14 Pagesthe white beauty ideal – possessing pale skin, long, straight hair, and chiseled facial features – displays the prevailing influences on societal calculations of human value. According to Cheryl Harris, beauty operates with the conception that â€Å"whiteness is property† (ibid). Furthermore, in this economic context, women’s bodies are manipulable commodities objectified for consumption. The entire beauty industry is built on the foundational principle that women should alter their bodies through makeup

William Shakespeares Macbeth - 2461 Words

William Shakespeares Macbeth In Macbeth, look at the following scenes: Act one, scenes one, two and three, Act two, scene two, Act four, scene one and Act five, scenes three, six and seven. What did Macbeths character, words and actions show about changes in his character? Why are these scenes important to the plot and structure of the play and how the themes are presented? The play Macbeth is about a man whose rise to power and fall are influenced by his own ambitions, with help from the supernatural. In the beginning of the play, Macbeth started off as a brave man, because he fought well in battles, even the King praised him for his courage. This is shown when the sergeant was†¦show more content†¦It didnt seem to have affected Banquo in the same way. He knew that the witches were evil and that they cant be trusted. He tried to warn Macbeth by saying: And oftentimes, to win us to our harms, the instruments of darkness tell us truths, win us with honest trifles, to betrays in deepest consequence That roughly means sometimes, to tempt us to evil, the devil wins our confidence with small bits of truth, then betrays us with the big things that really matter. Thats what the witches had done to Macbeth. They had told Macbeth that he was going to be king, but they didnt tell him how or why, so he believes that he has to kill the king so that he can become the king himself. Later in the play, Macbeth goes back to the witches and asks for help from them, they again only tell him half-truths and betrays him with the big things that really matter. The information that the witches give him leads towards his death in the end. In Act two, scene one, Banquo shows signs that the witches have affected him, he said Merciful powers, restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature gives way to in repose! Banquo is having nightmares about the witches, yet Macbeth said he doesnt think about them, even though he is thinking about them all the time. In scene two, after the murder of Duncan, Macbeth changed from being brave intoShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth749 Words   |  3 Pages1. Macbeth, the tragic hero in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, suffers from the fatal flaws of insecurity and indecision, allowing him to easily be manipulated, which causes the audience to feel sympathetic toward him. After Macbeth has heard the prophecy from the three witches and he has been named thane of Cawdor, he is led to a strong internal conflict: â€Å"If good, why do I yield to that suggestion / Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair†¦ / Shakes so my single state of man that function / is smother’dRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth1401 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth At the beginning of the play, before Macbeth is introduced, the impression given is that he is a very good man indeed. It is as if he was a local hero and could do no wrong. The sergeant refers to him as brave Macbeth and Duncan says O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman! Duncan, the king, rewards Macbeth with the title, thane of Cawder, and the previous, treacherous thane having been sentenced to death. People speak of MacbethsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth Essay757 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth Macbeth was a â€Å"butcher†, however he became that way as a result of Lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth was a fiend-like queen whose evilness declined after the murders. In the end of the play, however, Macbeth’s transformation was complete and he was a butcher. Main Body Topic 1 ================= Macbeth’s transition from good to evil by Lady Macbeth:  · Ambition was his only reason for killing the king – â€Å"I have no spur To prickRead MoreEssay on William Shakespeares Macbeth1483 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth During the Elizabethan era, the great chain of being reigned. Women were low on this chain of power, and men were on top. In fact, women were below horses; you couldn’t live without a good horse, but, you could live without a wife. Lady Macbeth was a woman before her time, she was caught between being today’s ambitious, powerful modern woman and a fragile creature of the Elizabethan era. In the first four acts of Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is vicious, overly ambitiousRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth â€Å"This dead butcher† is not an accurate description of Macbeth. Macbeth did not give an impression of a â€Å"butcher† since he was affected by the death of Duncan. He had contemplated on the positive and negative points about killing Duncan before he committed the act of treason. However his ambition to be king and Lady Macbeth’s persuasiveness and mocking had overridden his sense and logic which caused him to commit this crime. He was consumedRead MoreEssay on William Shakespeares Macbeth647 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth In the tragic play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth decide, to kill King Duncan. In the play, we see the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth transform in their personality after murdering the King. Macbeth begins the play as a noble soldier, gradually changing into an ambitious murdering man. Similarly, Lady Macbeth is ambitious but she beginsRead MoreEssay William Shakespeares Macbeth671 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth William Shakespeare lived in an era where women possessed few political and private rights. Women were subjected to the will of men as men were thought to be greater morally, physically and intellectually. Shakespeare, as he was living in this hierarchical and patriarchal world, was subjected to this value system. His powerful and tragic play Macbeth, reflects aspects of this world but also challenges the very basis of its foundations withRead MoreThe Letter in William Shakespeares Macbeth1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Letter in William Shakespeares Macbeth Lady Macbeths reaction when she reads her husbands letter is powerful and dramatic.  · As soon as shes finished reading, she has decided she will make sure Macbeth is king Its as if she and her husband are thinking exactly the same thing. She does not hesitate for a moment.  · Lady Macbeth invites the spirits of evil to enter her She knows she has to steel herself, that the murder will need evil power, andRead MoreThe Downfall of Lady Macbeth in William Shakespeares Macbeth1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe Downfall of Lady Macbeth in William Shakespeares Macbeth William Shakespeares Macbeth has been a theatrical favorite since Elizabethan times. Its timeless themes of ambition, fate, violence, and insanity collaborate to produce a captivating plot. The audience traces the disintegration of a tragic hero and his willful wife. Lady Macbeth, one of Shakespeares most forcefully drawn female characters, plays an important role in the play Macbeth. She has a profound influence over the actionRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth638 Words   |  3 Pagesagree? Well, in Macbeth manhood is concurrent with power, physical strength, courage, and force of will. Rarely though, is it bound to the ideals of moral fortitude or mentality. The motif of gender recurs many times in Shakespeare’s work. Being a â€Å"man† in Macbeth means that you must be physically capable, cruel, and do what ever it takes to accomplish one’s goals. Women were supposed to obey their husbands and be good. Evil from a woman was absolutely not permitted. The women in Macbeth are the fire

Being a humanitarian with a need of an education free essay sample

â€Å"Humanitarianism consists of never sacrificing a human being to a purpose.† Albert Schweitzer once said this. This quote mirrors how I see myself as a philanthropist in need of an education. With education I can reach my prosperity by using ethics of benevolence. As an African-American male, I do not want to be another statistic: another black male that does not graduate from high school. Many individuals that have gone through some sort of struggle in life most of the time have just given up on what is most important. Not me. At the age of thirteen, I had a stroke which changed my life forever. Before the stroke I used to be a real naive person; I used to believe in whatever people told me. All I wanted to do was play football and nothing else. After the stroke, I started to realize there are more things in life than just concentrating on one thing. We will write a custom essay sample on Being a humanitarian with a need of an education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even after, I started to give up on life; I started not to care about anything. I contemplated dropping out of my old high school because I did not want to do anything. But once I transferred, my focus and love for school grew stronger. I went from a student getting 65’s and 70’s to getting 80’s and 90’s. Nobody really motivated me; I had a reality check and realized that without an education, I will become nothing and I do have a lot of talent. As they say, â€Å"Nothing is worse than wasted talent.† The stroke made me feel insecure and I had a lot of disbelief. But then I realized I had to do what I had to do. Despite all the setbacks I faced in my life I was still able to overcome. My humanitarianism allowed me to reach my full potential. The realization of almost becoming a failure in life sparked something in my brain to not give up. Another thing that motivates me is seeing what people go through in the hospital. In the hospital I interacted with people that were in far different situations than I was. It opened my eyes to the fact people were still confident in some of the situations they were in despite the fact they were going through drastic events in life. This is an example of being a humanitarian, â€Å"Acceptance of every human-being for plainly just being another human.† In conclusion, I have learned a lot from the difficulties and misfortunes in my life. Although I did not expect many changes in my life, I was able to adjust to them and make the best of my situations.

Universal Product Code Essays - Barcodes, Universal Product Code

Universal Product Code Last year on a camping trip Lisa Warden and her daughter Jessica stopped for groceries in an extremely small town. While shopping, Jessica kept hearing an unfamiliar noise and asked what it was, but Lisa was not sure what she was talking about. Because Lisa remembers the cash register age she did not realize Jessica had never heard one actually working in a store. When they were in the check out line Jessica pointed at the old cash register and told her mom that is the noise she has been hearing. Lisa laughed and tried to explain that at one time all stores had cash registers like this one. Jessica was born in the computer age and could not comprehend the thought of cashiers and baggers doing so much work. Before bar codes, cashiers had to look at each price tag and manually key enter the dollar amount. This made the consumer have to wait in long check out lines, which did not make for a pleasant experience. Because the cashier was busy entering each item's price, he or she did not have time to bag the merchandise. The retailer had to hire another person to put the products into bags, and this increased the prices. Ed Leibowitz reported that supermarket's net margins were one percent in the more profitable times, but down six percent by 1970 (130). Their inventory control did not help their net margins because of the considerable time it took and their employee wages they paid. Consumers, retailers, and producers have benefited with the invention of the bar code by saving time and money. The bar code is a series of thirteen numbers written in a coded form of black and white lines that a scanner can read. The definition according to The Computer Desktop Encyclopedia is, The printed code used for recognition by a bar code reader (scanner). Traditional one-dimensional bar codes use the bar's width as the code, but encode just an ID or account number. Two-dimensional bar codes, such as PDF417 from Symbol Technology, are read horizontally and vertically. PDF417 holds 1,800 characters in an area the size of a postage stamp (Freedman 62). The Universal Product Code (UPC) is thirteen numbers divided into three sections: the first five digits are the manufacturer's code, the next seven digits are the product's code, and the last digit is a check digit (Hartston). The bar code currently being used is one-dimensional, but the appetite for including more and more detail in bar code messages seems to have no limit. An item's label has limited space, and because of this, stacked bar codes, better known as two-dimensional bar codes have been developed. Explained in Using Bar Code--Why it's Taking Over, A symbology called Code 49, the first stacked bar code to receive widespread interest, was introduced by Intermec Corporation in 1987. The following year Laserlight Systems, Inc. introduced Code 16K as an entry in the symbology category. Since then, several additional stacked symbologies have been introduced. The stacked symbology of Code 16K is designed to contain from 2 to 16 rows of bars. Each row has a row designator (in UPC symbology) on each end of the row, and five message characters between them in Code 128 format. This gives Code 16K a message capacity of 77 full ASCII characters, or 154 numeric characters, within a very small label (Collins 38). Two-dimensional bar codes are not yet in the mainstream of bar code technology. They do represent the direction in which the technology is headed. Railroad cars used bar codes in the 1960's to track each car to provide accounting reports for freight car rental. Bar codes were first patented in 1949, but it was retail that bar coding made its mark (Gowrie). Retail bar coding first appeared on a pack of gum at a Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio, on June 26, 1974 (Glanz 9). "Bar code scanning is probably the single most revolutionary thing that has happened in retail sales in 50 years," says George Goldberg, founder and former publisher of SCAN, an industry newsletter (qtd. in Gowrie). Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard "Bob" Silver, mechanical engineering instructors at Philadelphia's Drexel Institute of Technology, overheard a supermarket executive trying to sell the Drexel dean on a research project to automate the checkout counter. The dean declined, but Woodland and Silver began pursuing the research on their own. Woodland left Drexel but could not stop thinking about the concept. He first thought of a code, and the only code he knew

The Relationship between Public Relations and Marketing essay

The Relationship between Public Relations and Marketing essay The Relationship between Public Relations and Marketing essay The Relationship between Public Relations and Marketing essayNowadays, more and more organizations understand their direct dependence on the society and their need to build friendly relations with public. Transition to market economy has brought new challenges and demanded a new approach to business principles. For this reason, the problem of professional marketing taking into account the interaction with public came in the forefront for many organizations.The direct connection of marketing and public relations lies in the fact that PR mechanism acts as an engine of the process of product promotion on the market, ensuring success of the company, its high reputation in the face of fierce competition.Although the aim of the modern companies is to increase sales, this does not preclude the need to use PR tools to integrate the interests of consumers and their behavior.There are two opposing views on the relationships between PR and marketing. Some believe that PR is a direct marketing p iece that is used to increase sales. Another point of view considers PR as an independent discipline, which is not subject to marketing and is related not to sales growth but the formation of a positive image of the company. There is no consensus on this issue, but the relationship of PR and marketing is obvious.DefinitionsPR is an activity aimed at forming positive opinion about the company and maintaining mutually beneficial relationships with it (Crabtree,  2010: 10-11). The purpose of PR is to establish two-way communication to identify common ideas or common interests and mutual understanding based on truth, knowledge and full awareness. The magnitude of this interaction, aimed at developing strong relationships with the public, can be very different depending on the characteristics of the actors, but the philosophy, strategy and methods are very similar.Marketing is the subject of market activities aimed at implementing interaction with other actors of the market (Brandau,  2014: 24).It is the process of planning and implementation of the plans, evaluation of promotion and implementation of ideas, goods and services in order to benefit from the exchange between people and organizations. The major activities of marketing are processes such as product development, research, establishing communications, organization of distribution, pricing.The Roles of PR and MarketingFunctions and tasks of Public RelationsThe most basic and common functions of PR are:1) Control of public opinion and behavior in order to meet their needs and interests.2) Responding to the public. Organization takes into account events, problems and behavior of others and responds to them.3) The achievement of mutually beneficial relations with all groups of people through the fruitful cooperation with them (including with employees, customers, suppliers, production staff, etc.).There are internal and external functions of PR, which are realized according to the individual generic areas :external function is aimed at creating and maintaining a positive image of the organization among the community groups that are external to the organization, at informing them about the organization and its products;internal function is aimed at creating and maintaining corporate social responsibility within the organization (good reputation of the organization among its staff, formation of a benevolent climate within the organization, maintaining a sense of responsibility and interest in the result of work). In this regard, PR should be considered as a method of creating organizational culture.PR can have a significant impact on public opinion and it is cost-effective compared to commercial advertising. Using PR, the company does not pay for advertising rates, it pays for the work of media personnel. However, specialists believe that the consumer is more likely to pay attention and trust interesting article than advertising clip. It is obvious that PR performs more complex functio ns than advertising and plays an important role in the following tasks:Assist in the introduction of new products and services;Changing attitude to goods and services;Development and revival of interest in partially or completely forgotten goods and services;Creating favorable image of the company addressing certain target groups;Creating good image of the company that would positively influence the image of products and services (Hawes,  2010: 8).Functions and tasks of marketing in the modern organizationMarketing begins with a study of the target market segment. Marketing management is the analysis, planning, implementation and monitoring of activities designed to establish, strengthen and maintaining beneficial exchanges with target buyers in order to achieve certain objectives of the organization, such as profit, sales volume growth, increase of market share, and so on.Marketers determine potential demand and its size (capacity segment of the market), ie identify customers who se needs are not met adequately or experiencing an implicit interest in specific goods or services. There should be done market segmentation and selection of those its parts that the company is able to serve well. Marketing management plans, creates and brings the product to the consumer, develops demand strategy through product price, distribution channels and methods of promotion. Marketing researches product, market, consumer demand, and offers possibilities these studies is a function of marketing. Marketing function is the impact on the level, time and nature of demand in order to achieve the goals of the organization (Smith,  2014: 22).Similarities and differencesCurrently, relationship between marketing and PR and their similarities are growing. Increasingly, these two trends are intertwined in practice. However, even thirty years they were considered completely separate discipline.In the process of rapid development of marketing and public relations, they are rapidly expa nding their spheres of activity, using increasingly aggressive means of communication, actively expanding the audience, as a result, they begin to turn to the same segments of the public, and sometimes even use same tactics of communicative behavior. Despite the fact that from the point of view of consumers, these disciplines are very similar, the practice has always maintained a strong conceptual separation.If you ask PR and marketing practitioners to highlight the basics of their professions, they would come around to the following scheme.Marketing:Promotion of the goods (services) among consumers.The main goal is selling.The implicit goal is to make a profit.Success depends on the amount of sales and profits.PR:Organization help in adapting public and company.The main objective is to establish rapport.The implicit objective is to stimulate a favorable perception.Success depends on the expression of positive public opinion, public support in any manifestation.It turns out that mar keting is a set of measures to promote a product or service, pricing, working with distributors, and PR is the management of the companys reputation. Marketing creates a market for goods and services, PR provides a favorable environment in which companies operate. In some cases, marketing success can be destroyed by negative social or political trends, tracking and smoothing of which is also the task of PR.In the context of convergence of price / quality ratio on most goods and services, a special role is played by image of the company. In this case, PR acts as a function, which enables the construction of a positive image (Wexler,  2010: 33).PR toolsThe basic tools of PR are: Publications (articles, reports, newsletters, magazines, brochures) are widely replicable means of promoting an attractive image of the company and transmitting messages to the target markets. Events (trade shows, seminars, conferences, competitions, presentations) can include both general public and target audiences. News. The main task of PR specialists is to provide interesting and favorable news about the company and its services.The use of PR tools should facilitate the implementation of the planned business objectives: Raising awareness of the consumer. Strengthening confidence in the company and its services. Promotion of sales. Reduce of the cost of advertising and sales promotion.The diversity and complexity of the goals emphasize the breadth of actions of PR technologies (Jacques,  2013: 12).Marketing ToolsThere are various marketing tools to ensure the success of the company and increase sales effectiveness. Marketing tools to achieve the company goal, selection and use of which is realized through the procedure of the marketing mix (Marketing- mix model 4P): product, price, promotion, delivery. The concept of marketing mix is determined by a set of basic tools of marketing: product policy (innovation, work with range, removal of goods whose life cycle is over from the pro duction, customer service, guarantees);pricing (base price, discounts, credit);communication policy (advertising, public relations);marketing policy (market research, sales, development of new markets, etc.);development and implementation of competitive strategies.The first marketing tool is an estimate, according to which the firms resources are allocated to business units. Other marketing tools are:advertising (the most effective way to deliver information about the goods to the consumer for the purpose of sales promotion);public relations (marketing tool, contributing to the establishment and maintenance of interaction, location, understanding and cooperation between the company and society, the formation of a benevolent public opinion);personal selling (but this tool is very expensive as it is related to the preparation of highly qualified specialists in sales).pricing policy is considered the most important marketing tool. This is usually the final stage of market activity, and the price is a kind of indicator of conditions in which the company exists and operates (Rockoff,  2012:14).Examples of application of PRThe following examples are quite diverse. However, each of them illustrates effectiveness of PR.Ford achieved fame of the model Ford Taurus with the help of PR even before the release of the car on the market. When the company  «Lego System » learned that one of their rattles was potentially dangerous for babies, they immediately withdrew the entire batch of rattles and inspired parents to the dissemination of this information. The company offered full compensation of the toys price or its exchange for a toy from the new collection.An example of Ford Motor Company is a clear illustration of the application of public relations in the early stages of marketing use, when news appeared before advertising. The case of  «Lego System » emphasizes the use of PR methods for gaining trust of consumers.In addition to these examples, there are many other methods that can improve the effectiveness of marketing programs. With the help of PR, a company can turn into a leader in its market segment, present new products. PR allows carry out a restart and positioning of existing products, overcome the resistance of consumers to advertising, affect those people who shape consumer opinion, win the support of retailers and contribute to a more rapid spread of products. These examples suggest that PR and marketing can perfectly communicate, that PR marketing really works. That is why in recent years, many companies began to use public relations (Erokan,  2010: 12-13).Examples of successful marketingMarlboro. Marlboro invented pack of cardboard with flip-top lid, which are now standard package of cigarettes not in order to demonstrate innovation or design ideas but for promotional purposes. Smokers were able to pull out cigarettes from soft packs without removing them from the pocket, so others did not see the brand. Flip-tops made smo kers take the pack out of the pocket so that everybody could see it, and the new always attracts attention.Estee Lauder. There is a beautiful legend about how Estee Lauder began selling its perfumes. The young Miss Lauder came the biggest perfume shop in New York â€Å"accidentally† split the bottle of her perfume on the floor. Buyers asked about the wonderful smell and store just had to sign a contract with Estee Lauder.Heinz. In 1896, Henry Heinz was walking around New York and saw an advertisement of shoe store, which offered clients 21 style of shoes. By analogy, he decided to write on their ketchup and sauces 57 options. This number had nothing to do with the actual figures range, but Heinz liked it. And it impressed buyers.Harley-Davidson. The most famous manufacturer of motorcycles in the world holds the first place in terms of branded tattoos for more than a dozen years. It all began with the fact that Harley announced impressive discounts on bikes for those who would come to buy a motorcycle with a tattoo in the form of its logo (Castilla,  2013: 250-251).ConclusionSimilarities of PR and marketing get more and more noticeable. More and more often, in practice, they are intertwined and mutually reinforcing. This was possible because the purposes of marketing and PR are similar: the desire for mutual understanding between the company and customer, care about the quality of products, reputation and image of the brand.Nevertheless, they have different strategies. Thus, marketing strategy is a desire to attract the customer to a particular product, and strategy of PR is to create the most favorable environment for the development of the company.Marketing studies peoples interest in products and services, analyses possibilities to influence target groups and effectiveness of advertising. With the help of PR-activity, the company monitors the interests of consumers, partners, employees, shareholders, identifies threats, helps management to resolve v arious conflicts and quickly establish a dialogue. In general, PR is focused on public opinion, while the purpose of marketing is selling. Thanks to marketing, the company can get answers to the questions: what, when and to whom to sell, at what price and in what form. Creating motivation, sales promotion are also the mission of marketing professionals.In turn, PR provides answers to questions such as: how to be a company, how to make it work needed and fruitful? Building relationships between the company and community that is the mission of public relations.In the context of the existing fast-growing market, PR is becoming an important part of marketing communications. Public Relations today is an effective mechanism for overcoming problems on the way of the goods to the buyer. Using public relations influences the performance of marketing as a whole.

This is a research-based essay. Using at least 3 organizations in Research Paper

This is a -based essay. Using at least 3 organizations in hospitality industry, analyse staff tunrover, its cost and effects on the business and develop strategies to improve retention - Research Paper Example It should be noted that hospitality industry is struggling to find enough skilled personnel to cater to its employee needs. Under such circumstances, excessive amount of employee dropouts or turnover rate may not be desirable to the growth prospects of an organization. Many organizations in hospitality industry are spending too much money for the training, development and empowerment of its employees since the success and failures of an organization in hospitality industry rest in the hands of its employees. On the other hand, after getting enough training, employees usually look for better options outside their organization. All the organizations in the hospitality industry are looking for trained professionals to meet their employee needs. Thus, employees working in the hospitality industry are always getting better chances outside their organization. The words of Pinnacle’s managing director Wendy Mead are relevant here: â€Å"We are training up all these fantastic people to be so customer-centric and other industries are just coming and plucking them away from us† (Ryan, 2006). Organizations which lose employees may struggle to fill the vacancies because of the absence of enough skilled manpower in the hospitality industry. In America and European region manpower shortage is creating immense problems in all sectors. Shortage of manpower increases demand for employee in these countries and hence, the bargaining power of the employees in these countries is extremely high. This paper analyses the staff turnover, its cost and effects on the hospitality business and strategies to improve retention, taking Accor Hotels, Subway franchise organization, and Ritz Carlton as the examples. Accor Hotels is one of the leading companies in Australian hospitality industry. It is operating in all the major cities in Australia. Accor Hotels is looking for opportunities in overseas countries at present and they have already signed a contract with Dubai based EMAAR

Assessment and Evaluation Strategies Learning Essay

Assessment and Evaluation Strategies Learning - Essay Example The outcome that has been decided is that the learners will be able to relate to the need to maintain client confidentiality and the need to maintain confidentiality of organizational information to work-related situations. They will also be able to identify various types of work-related harassment and the consequences of such actions. The two weeks of online training has used online power point presentations, animations, and flash presentations to teach these issues, where students of various ethnic backgrounds and various experiences have interacted. Now the idea is to create a strategy to evaluate and assess the learning. The assessment process must consider students like Joe Antone, a member of the Pima Indian Community, who is experiencing work in the healthcare environment for the first time. Comparison: Two assessment methods that can be used in such programs are quiz and self-test questions. In this program, while going through the course, the students will come across the self-test questions, without attempting which no student can go into the next section of the teaching. Thus this becomes mandatory for each and every student to attempt these tests. Moreover, suitable software can be used to add a navigable menu and search function, where the students can search the answers from the module and answer it. Each student can get two chances. At the end of the session, there would be a quiz of multiple choice type questions, where the learner would have one chance to answer it. Leads in the form of images can be incorporated in the quiz, and the learner can post the answer to the tutor (Benjamin, Robbins, Kung, 2006). While the first one assesses the knowledge in steps throughout the module, most learners can get 90 to 100% with the use of search function. The last one ge ts a summative assessment of overall conceptual knowledge, and it can grade the results both in percentages and pass-fail methods (McFarlin, 2008). This could be also a

Public Administration Essay Example for Free

Public Administration Essay â€Å"The Blast in Centralia No. 5: A Mine Disaster No One Stopped† by John Bartlow Martin. Reprinted by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated. Copyright 1948 by John Bartlow Martin. Copyright renewed 1975 by John Bartlow Martin. Overview The title of this case study alone insinuates that perhaps this mine disaster could have been prevented. Martin opens his case study with very descriptive and gruesome details about the events that lead up to the explosion. Martin states: â€Å"One hundred and eleven men were killed in that explosion. Killed needlessly, for almost everybody concerned had known for months, even years, that the mine was dangerous. Yet nobody had done anything effective about it† (Stillman 31). Initially, the thought and idea that a community would allow such a horrific event to occur that could have been prevented is terrifying and somewhat startling. Martin uses his case study to explore various questions regarding this mine disaster as well as the background and other potential issues surrounding the explosion. Purpose The overall goal of this case study is to place an emphasis on how dependent modern day society is on public administration to handle chaotic or unexpected situations. In exploring various aspects of this catastrophe, Martin explores the following: (1). A coal company sensitive only to profit incentives. (2). State regulatory agencies inadequately enforcing mine safety legislation. (3). Federal officials and mine unions complacent about a growing problem. (4). The miners incapable of protecting themselves against the impending disaster. Ultimately, â€Å"Modern society depends on the proper functioning of unseen administrative arrangements for safeguarding our environment; for protecting the purity of our food; for transporting us safely by road, rail, or air; for sending us our mail; or negotiating an arms limitations agreement at some distant diplomatic conference. All of us like miners in Centralia No. 5, rely throughout our lives on the immovable juggernaut of impersonal administrative systems† (Stillman 30). It seems  that most people as a whole have absent mindedly become too dependent on something as abstract and complicated as public administration. It seems to be public administration and its official’s responsibility to handle any concern in the community as well as make everything flow smoothly. To the Letter of the Law Driscoll O. Scanlan, a dedicated mine inspector, strove to enforce mining laws â€Å"to the letter of the law† because he deeply desired to protect miners and took his responsibility and job deeply. In a sense, Scanlan’s motivation toward the Constitution (the law), bureaucracy (as a public administrator responsible to the public), and obligation all played a key factor in his attitude and efforts that he made towards inspecting mines. The Stillman text states the following in regards to Scanlan: â€Å"Other inspectors, arriving to inspect a mine would go into the office and chat with the company officials. Not Scanlan; he waited outside, and down in the mine he talked with the miners, not the bosses† (Stillman 32). The text goes on to state many other comparisons between Scanlan and the other mine inspectors. Scanlan’s actions and efforts showed that he truly had a passion for his job and a genuine concern for the miners. For all of these reasons and many more, Scanlan gained a different perspective as well as insight than the other inspectors which ultimately led him to deem the Centralia No. 5 mine the worst in the district. This realization pushed him to take action. Scanlan’s Actions Scanlan was very persistent in his attempts to bring attention to the troublesome areas in the Centralia No. 5. Mine. Letter after letter he provided a detailed description of issues, potential recommendations, and concerns that he had about the condition of the mine. Those concerns included the following: (1). The amount of dust (2). The overall cleanliness of the mine. I am for the efforts and attempts that Scanlan made. Over a period of thirteen years, Scanlan took the appropriate steps towards potentially preventing the disaster that occurred in the Centralia No. 5. Mine. Scanlan reached out to the Department of Mines, Minerals at Springfield company, directors of various departments, Governor Green, presidents in numerous agencies, superintendents, attended meetings, and  made many other actions that could have benefited the miners and the overall condition of the mine. Alternative Actions Scanlan could have done the following after he saw that effort was not being made to aid the miners or the mine: (1) Dust the mine himself (2) Sprinkle the roads himself (3) Threaten to shut down the mine (4) Actually close down the mine. All of these potential options were possible; however, these actions would have been very time consuming and tedious. Overall, Scanlan did all that he could do to prevent the disaster in the mine. By law, a mine inspector could shut down a mine. Scanlan informed the miners of their potential dangers as well as gave certain recommendations and reported his findings to the appropriate actors. As a last resort, Scanlan could have closed down the mine or went to and relied on an inspector or supervisor above him to take further action. Responsibility According to an article entitled: Can Government Regulate Safety? The Coal Mine Example, â€Å"the Federal government has been directly involved in coal mining safety for over 35 years, operating under three major pieces of legislation enacted in 1941, 1952, and 1969. In fact, the 1941 and 1969 regulations significantly reduced the fatality rate in coal mining† (Lewis-Beck and Alford 1). Mark Aldrich, professor of economics at Smith College, stated the following in his article entitled: The Needless Peril of the Coal Mine: The Bureau of Mines and the Campaign against Coal Mine Explosions, 1910-1940, â€Å"The bureau continued the safety investigations begun by the USGS which focused largely on the prevention of explosions and their con-sequences. In addition to certifying and championing the use of permissible mine equipment, it also launched a first-aid and mine rescue campaign. But its most important work was its investigation of the causes of coal dust explosions and its campaign to spread rock-dusting technology. This choice of safety priorities resulted in part from the bureaus bureaucratic structure and scientific and technological orientation. No group within the bureau was charged with setting priorities, and research problems were usually chosen by scientists with little direction from above† (Aldrich 542). Conclusion If the appropriate actions were taken when Scanlan first made recommendations about the mine, the mine disaster could have been prevented. Ultimately, it is not one person or agency’s full responsibility to prevent disasters such as this one; it is a joint effort among workers, the community, legislation, inspectors, and many more to ensure that working conditions are safe and not a potential hazard to society as a whole. References Aldrich, Mark. Preventing The Needless Peril of the Coal Mine: The Bureau of Mines and the Campaign against Coal Mine Explosions, 1910-1940 Technology and Culture , Vol. 36, No. 3 (Jul., 1995), pp. 483-518. Published by: The Johns Hopkins University Press on behalf of the Society for the History of Technology Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3107239. Lewis-Beck ,Michael S. and John R. Alford. â€Å"Can Government Regulate Safety? The Coal Mine Example.† The American Political Science Review , Vol. 74, No. 3 (Sep., 1980), pp. 745-756 Published by: American Political Science Association Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1958155. Stillman, Richard Joseph. Public Administration: Concepts and Cases. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2010. Print. â€Å"The Blast in Centralia No. 5: A Mine Disaster No One Stopped† by John Bartlow Martin. Reprinted by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated. Copyright 1948 by John Bartlow Martin. Copyright renewed 1975 by John Bartlow Martin.

Use of Elemental Imagery in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay

Use of Elemental Imagery in Jane Eyre    The use of elemental imagery in Jane Eyre, sustained throughout the novel both metaphorically and literally, is one of Charlotte Brontà «'s major stylistic devices. The natural opposition of the two elements of water and fire ("the war of the earthly elements", as Jane puts it) highlights the need for the titular heroine to find equilibrium between points identified as extremes. However, as David Lodge notes, "we should be mistaken in looking for a rigidly schematic system of elemental imagery and reference in Jane Eyre". Fire and water images in the novel have their shifting associations, which reflect on the characters of Jane, Rochester and St John Rivers. The broad suitability of the images shows that they can be both destructive forces and agents of renewal. Using them as both allows Brontà « to show how far the characters have learnt to reconcile the Romantic desire for passion with the need for restraint, for it is only in that way that true personal selfhood can be rea lised. And this search for a personal selfhood, where one is judged on one's own character, not society's usual manner of judgment based on title, money or beauty, can be said to be the focus in the novel. It is instructive to note that fire, used metaphorically, is almost solely used to describe Jane and Rochester. Fire is associated with passion, and it is imperative for the characters to learn that while passion is a valuable quality, without which any relationship would be a cold and dead one, it is not the only component of a relationship; other qualities like mutual respect and honesty must be present. "Fire is a good servant, but a bad master", as the old saying goes. The fire within both parties creates t... ... Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 David Lodge, Fire and Eyre: Charlotte Brontà «'s War of Earthly Elements Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1990.    Jane Eyre. Dir. Franco Zeffirelli. Perf. William Hurt, Charlotte Gainsborough, and Anna Paquin. 1996    Kadish, Doris. The Literature of Images: Narrative Landscape from Julie to Jane Eyre. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1986.    Lodge, Scott. "Fire and Eyre: Charlotte Bronte's War of Earthly Elements." The Brontes: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Ian Gregor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1970. 110-36.    McLaughlin, M.B. "Past or Future Mindscapes: Pictures in Jane Eyre." Victorian Newsletter 41 (1972): 22-24.    Solomon, Eric. "Jane Eyre: Fire and Water." College English 25 (1964): 215-217.   

Discuss the Role of the Supervisor in Organizational Planning

Course Title: Supervisory Management Submission Date: 22 October 2012 One Stop Production Company’s Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary of the Case3 Statement of the Problem4 Core Problem4 Satellite Problems6 Recommendations 16 Reasonable Assumptions19 Bibliography 20 Summary of the caseOne Stop Production is a garment manufacturer specializing in the production of school uniforms. Ms. Susan Holford shared the management of the business with her father Mr. Amos Holford over the past two years and will assume full responsibility for leadership of the company upon his retirement. She has a team of supervisors whose length of tenure with the business exceeds her own involvement with One Stop Production, and in general employees have performed the same functions from the business’ inception. The leadership styles of Susan and her father differ drastically.Motivated by her intention to manage the business in a different manner than her father, Susan is overwhelmed by the diffic ulties facing her – particularly the declining production and sales figures, and what she views as the refusal of the employees to improve production levels. This report outlines the challenges facing the business and its new manager Susan. It will first summarize the existing problems, and then establish specifically the core problem and satellite problems that exist; where necessary reasonable assumptions will be drawn and supported by evidence from the business.The report will then provide recommendations that will empower Susan, as leader, to chart the future course of the organization. This will be followed by a conclusion that unifies the various elements of the report. STATEMENT OF THE Problem Within different organizations one will find varying organizational structures and environments which contribute to the overall organizational culture. Entwined in here are the management and leadership styles, values and beliefs that exist within the organization.As this case an alysis was thoroughly investigated, we discovered that the One Stop Production Company had some major problems (Please refer to Exhibit 1. 0). After careful consideration and collaboration it has been established that the core problem which hinders the success of the company is â€Å"Ineffective Leadership and Organization Management†. Whilst the satellite problems include: ? Poor Organizational Structure ?Poor Management * No Clear Goals ?Ineffective Communication CORE PROBLEM Ineffective Leadership In this company, we will examine the leadership skills within the organisation.A leader’s role is to set the direction for establishing a clear vision by taking risks, sharing and communicating the vision with others so that they will follow willingly. It also includes motivating and inspiring staff by expanding energy through producing change, aligning contingencies by bringing everyone together and balancing the conflicting interests of all members or stakeholders. (www. businessdictionary. com) â€Å"The art of getting employees together on a common platform and extracting the best out of them refers to effective organisation management. † (www. managementstudyguide. com) SATELLITE PROBLEMSPoor Organisational Structure An organisational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped and coordinated (Robbins & Judge 2010, p. 488). Within the One Stop Production Company the organizational structure was not clearly defined which often resulted in conflicts due to mixed instructions. Mr. Holford, although delegating the majority of functions and running of the operation to his supervisors, still constantly moved around giving random instructions to different employees regardless of department. Ms. Holford wants to restructure the organization having roles and job functions clearly defined.In addition she intends to appoint specific supervisors to specific departments which would define the levels of authority – Line or func tional; allowing both employees ad superiors to know who was responsible for what. Poor Management Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively (Robbins & Coulter p. 6). â€Å"Ms. Holford never found the time to pursue management because her father had left the management of all three areas of the organization largely up to her† Ms.Holford exhibits a type of autocratic style of management and does not trust the knowledge of the staff. This lack of trust has resulted in her inability to select specific supervisors to specific department. She has very good ideas and intentions for the organization however a lack of management training proves to be a major deficiency. She does not have the co-operation of the workers and as a result her suggestions are not acted on. Ms. Holford believes the selection of a manager to run things for her is imperative however she does not know how to go about this process.Ineffective Communication Communication is ‘the transfer and understanding of meaning. It serves four major functions within a group or organization; control, motivation, emotional expression and information. ’ As seen in this case the flow of communication serves one main purpose and that is control. Employees are made aware of Ms. Holford’s suggestions and intentions at meetings however there appears to be no facility for feedback or input from the employees. The lack of trust in the workers’ knowledge results in a ‘one way’ flow of communication. No Clear Goals / Targets The goals of the organization have not been clearly defined and relayed to the workers. The levels of production and sales which are being sought have not been laid out to the workers. RECOMMENDATIONS * Management and Leadership training for Ms. Susan Holford. This is very important so as to develop within her the skills which are necessary for her to manage the organization as well the workers. Leadership & Learning are indispensible to each other. It is known that effective Leaders are not always born but can be trained. Hire a Human Resources Manager – Human resource managers have a key role to play to help a company achieve its objectives and run effectively. HR managers assist employees with matters relating to their employment and  also help employees with questions regarding health insurance and other benefits. Hiring and firing employees are both important functions performed by the  human  resources department because there are certain procedures to be followed. However, a crucial  role  of  human  resources  is to work closely with upper management as well as the staff to ensure positive company relations at all times. To assist with the hiring of the Human Resources Manager, we have attached the following document. Please see Exhibit 2. 1, 2. 2, 2. 3 and 2. 4) * Implement a five year strategic p lan – This should include the Goal setting  theory which involves establishing  specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely   (S. M. A. R. T  )   objectives. Work on the theory of goal-setting suggests that it's an effective tool for making progress by ensuring that participants in a group with a common goal are clearly aware of what is expected from them if an objective is to be achieved. Delegation of work – A General Manager should be chosen with the overall responsible for the day to running and they would report directly to Ms. Holford. In addition specific supervisors for the various departments should be put in place to oversee the running of those departments. Training should also be organized for all supervisors. The supervisors are a direct link between management and the workers. (Please refer to Exhibit 3. 0). * Communication has to become a ‘two way’ process and allow for feedback from the workers. Ms.Holford must spend ti me with key supervisors and staff and learn the business, while also truly learn about the staff. She should form a committee of Management from among the key stakeholders in the Company. The Supervisors should be able to communicate any new production and sales targets to their teams directly. * Goals / Targets – Production and Sales targets should be set and the targets should be known to all members of staff. The overall goals of the company should be clearly stated and ensure that the operation of each department coincides with the overall goals of the organization.Sales records for the past five years should be analyzed so as to pick up on trends and a comparison done with a company in a similar market. For instance sales maybe tied in to the start of the school year where for obvious reasons they will be at their highest. This research would aid in the setting of the targets and goals and also identify reasons for drops in sales at particular times. * Production Levels – The workers have been doing the same jobs since inception.New technology may be available to increase the efficiency of some processes and the training of workers in the use of new technology or processes to increase productivity and overall job efficiency. * Staff Morale – Despite receiving annual wage increases the employees still appear unhappy and are unwilling to improve production. Ms. Holford should pay attention to what the needs of the workers are. Look at improving the working environment, staff relations. Incentive schemes can be devised to encourage workers to produce more and build up their morale. CONCLUSIONThe members of our group believe that after thoroughly analyzing the main issues of the company, and implementation of the recommendations stated would improve the daily operations and production at the One Stop Production. However it should be noted that these recommendations have to be implemented overtime and the changing process should be a gradu al one as from the case it appears that the employees are very resistant to sudden change. It should be gradually incorporated into the activities and employees should be clearly shown the importance of it to the company and also the benefits that can be reaped through their assistance.BIBLOGRAPHY Kotter, John P. John P Kotter on what leaders really do: Harvard Business Press, 1999 Robbins, SP. ; Coulter, M. Management. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. , 2007 Robbins, SP. ;Judge, TA. Organisational Behavior Thirteen ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2008 Robbins, Stephen P. and Judge, Timothy A. Organisational Behaviour. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc, 2009 Mullins, Laurie J, Management and Organisational Behaviour 8th Ed, p. 382 www. businessdictionary. com Barbados Institute of Management and Productivity – Course Manual 2012